Restrictive eating involves limiting food intake in a way that is driven by fear, guilt, or a desire to control weight, shape, or emotions—rather than by the body’s natural hunger and fullness cues. While it can start as dieting or a focus on “clean” or “healthy” eating, restrictive patterns can become rigid, obsessive, and emotionally distressing. This behavior is often a symptom of deeper struggles and may be associated with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), or orthorexia. Restrictive eating can affect people of all body sizes, backgrounds, and identities. Common signs of restrictive eating include:
- Skipping meals or eating very small portions
- Avoiding entire food groups (carbs, fats, etc.) without medical need
- Intense fear of gaining weight
- Preoccupation with food, calories, or “clean” eating
- Anxiety or guilt after eating
- Physical symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, or cold sensitivity